Saudi Arabia and Pakistan have signed a security agreement.

Saudi Arabia and Pakistan signed a Strategic Mutual Defense Agreement that could extend Pakistan’s military umbrella to the Gulf region. While Pakistan insists its nuclear weapons are solely aimed at India, Saudi officials suggest the pact includes all military means, raising concerns in Israel, India, and Iran. The deal reflects diminishing Gulf confidence in U.S. security guarantees and could reshape Middle East deterrence dynamics.

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https://www.reuters.com/business/aerospace-defense/saudi-pact-puts-pakistans-nuclear-umbrella-into-middle-east-security-picture-2025-09-19/