Vladimir Putin has been sworn in for his fifth term as Russia’s president, a stark contrast to his initial pledges to preserve democracy and nurture the country. Over his tenure, Putin has increasingly centralized power, curtailed dissent, and engaged in conflicts such as the ongoing war in Ukraine. Despite widespread international concern, Putin maintains strong domestic support, with many seeing him as essential for Russia’s strength and security. His extended rule has led to the emergence of “Putinism,” characterized by personalized power akin to Stalinism. Dealing with Putin’s authoritarianism poses a challenge for the West, particularly in managing nuclear tensions and addressing electoral concerns. While some Russians express loyalty and gratitude towards Putin, others feel constrained from voicing dissent in an environment where differing opinions can be risky.

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