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Chinese researchers have taken a major step in the global race to build practical quantum computers, becoming the first team outside the United States – and the second in the world after Google – to cross a key threshold that determines whether these machines can work reliably at scale. A team led by Pan Jianwei at the University of Science and Technology of China said their superconducting quantum computer, Zuchongzhi 3.2, had reached the fault-tolerant threshold – a point where fixing errors made the system more stable rather than less, overcoming a long-standing problem in which the very process of error correction introduced new mistakes. Their research, published last week in the journal Physical Review Letters, relied on microwave-based control rather than the hardware-intensive error-suppression methods used by Google.