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The University of Tokyo has made itself one of the most important research centers in the world for quantum algorithm design, and helped make Japan into a global quantum computing leader. Right now, much of the most urgent work happening in quantum computing is in algorithm design. Publicly-available IBM quantum computers are already executing workloads that test the limits of what’s possible on classical supercomputers, and the hardware improves every year. However, the key to quantum advantage—where a quantum computer can run a computation more accurately, cheaply, or efficiently than a classical computer alone—is developing powerful algorithms that maximize the capabilities of existing quantum computers.