Scientists have developed a new type of artificial intelligence (AI) model that can reason differently from most large language models (LLMs) like ChatGPT, resulting in much better performance in key benchmarks. The new reasoning AI, called a hierarchical reasoning model (HRM), is inspired by the hierarchical and multi-timescale processing in the human brain — the way different brain regions integrate information over varying durations (from milliseconds to minutes). Scientists at Sapient, an AI company in Singapore, say this reasoning model can achieve better performance and can work more efficiently. This is thanks to the model requiring fewer parameters and training examples. The HRM model has 27 million parameters while using 1,000 training samples, the scientists said in a study uploaded June 26 to the preprint arXiv database (which has yet to be peer-reviewed). In comparison, most advanced LLMs have billions or even trillions of parameters. Although an exact figure has not been made public, some estimates suggest that the newly released GPT-5 has between 3 trillion and 5 trillion parameters.

Full research : The hierarchical reasoning model (HRM) system is modeled on the way the human brain processes complex information, and it outperformed leading LLMs in a notoriously hard-to-beat benchmark.